How to Stay Cool and Safe in a Heat Wave

Extreme heat is becoming common across the globe. Longer, more frequent heat waves pose risks for heat-related illnesses such as heat stroke and heat exhaustion. Here is expert guidance on staying cool during intense heat, even without air conditioning.

Keep Cool Without Air Conditioning

Staying cool and hydrated reduces discomfort and prevents illness in extreme heat. If you lack air conditioning or your unit is overwhelmed, consider these tips for body and home:

• Spray your skin with cool or room-temperature water.
• Block out windows exposed to afternoon sun with a blanket or dark sheet.
• Keep windows open at night with fans circulating air if without A.C.
• Use a cool cloth on your forehead.
• Avoid strenuous outdoor exercise.
• Add ice cubes to your water bottle, especially outdoors.
• Minimize stove or oven use.

Watch for Signs of Heat Exhaustion

Take note of heat exhaustion symptoms in adults: heavy sweating, cold pale clammy skin, a fast weak pulse, nausea, vomiting, muscle cramps, fatigue, dizziness, headaches, or fainting. In children, symptoms may vary.

If experiencing these symptoms, sip water and move to a cooler place. Loosen clothes, take a cool bath, or apply cool, wet cloths. Seek medical help if symptoms worsen or persist over an hour.

Recognize the Signs of Heat Stroke

Heat stroke symptoms include a body temperature of 103°F or higher, hot red dry or damp skin, a rapid strong pulse, headache, dizziness, nausea, and fainting.

A person with heat-related illness may stumble or seem uncoordinated. Ask about symptoms like headache, nausea, or dizziness. Discuss various topics to check confusion signs.

If someone exhibits these symptoms, call 911 immediately. Move them to shade or a cooler area, and use cool cloths or a bath to reduce body temperature.